A cell absorbs amino acids. This cell then synthesises and exports a digestive enzyme. Different cell structures are involved with different stages of this process. Which row shows a possible sequence of cell structures that the amino acids pass through?

Biology

IGCSE&ALevel

CAIE

Exam No：9700_s25_qp_14 Year：2025 Question No：19

Answer:

Knowledge points:

1.2.1.1 cell surface membrane

1.2.1.10 Cilia

1.2.1.11 microvilli

1.2.1.12 chloroplasts (including small circular DNA)

1.2.1.13 cell wall

1.2.1.14 plasmodesmata

1.2.1.15 large permanent vacuole and tonoplast of plant cells

1.2.1.2 nucleus, nuclear envelope and nucleolus

1.2.1.3 rough endoplasmic reticulum

1.2.1.4 smooth endoplasmic reticulum

1.2.1.5 Golgi body (Golgi apparatus or Golgi complex)

1.2.1.6 mitochondria (including small circular DNA)

1.2.1.7 ribosomes (80S in the cytoplasm and 70S in chloroplasts and mitochondria)

1.2.1.8 lysosomes

1.2.1.9 centrioles and microtubules

1.2.2 describe and interpret photomicrographs, electron micrographs and drawings of typical plant and animal cells

1.2.3 compare the structure of typical plant and animal cells

1.2.4 state that cells use ATP from respiration for energy-requiring processes

1.2.5.1 unicellular

1.2.5.2 generally 1–5 µm diameter

1.2.5.3 peptidoglycan cell walls

1.2.5.4 circular DNA

1.2.5.5 70S ribosomes

1.2.5.6 absence of organelles surrounded by double membranes

1.2.6 compare the structure of a prokaryotic cell as found in a typical bacterium with the structures of typical eukaryotic cells in plants and animals

1.2.7 state that all viruses are non-cellular structures with a nucleic acid core (either DNA or RNA) and a capsid made of protein, and that some viruses have an outer envelope made of phospholipids

4.2.1 describe and explain the processes of simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, active transport, endocytosis and exocytosis

4.2.2 investigate simple diffusion and osmosis using plant tissue and non-living materials, including dialysis (Visking) tubing and agar

4.2.3 illustrate the principle that surface area to volume ratios decrease with increasing size by calculating surface areas and volumes of simple 3-D shapes (as shown in the Mathematical requirements)

4.2.4 investigate the effect of changing surface area to volume ratio on diffusion using agar blocks of different sizes

4.2.5 investigate the effects of immersing plant tissues in solutions of different water potentials, using the results to estimate the water potential of the tissues

4.2.6 explain the movement of water between cells and solutions in terms of water potential and explain the different effects of the movement of water on plant cells and animal cells (knowledge of solute potential and pressure potential is not expected)

A cell absorbs amino acids. This cell then synthesises and exports a digestive enzyme. Different cell structures are involved with different stages of this process. Which row shows a possible sequence of cell structures that the amino acids pass through?

Answer:

Knowledge points:

Solution:

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