Fig. 2.1 is a diagram of part of a DNA molecule. Explain how proteins are made by a cell.

17.2.1 Define chromosome as a thread-like structure of DNA, carrying genetic information in the form of genes

17.2.10  Describe the inheritance of sex in humans with reference to XX and XY chromosomes

17.2.11 Explain that the sequence of bases in a gene is the genetic code for putting together amino acids in the correct order to make a specific protein (knowledge of the details of nucleotide structure is not required)

17.2.12 Explain that DNA controls cell function by controlling the production of proteins (some of which are enzymes), antibodies and receptors for neurotransmitters

17.2.13 Explain how a protein is made

17.2.14 Explain that all body cells in an organism contain the same genes, but many genes in a particular cell are not expressed because the cell only makes the specific proteins it needs

17.2.15 Define a haploid nucleus as a nucleus containing a single set of unpaired chromosomes, e.g. in gametes

17.2.16 Define a diploid nucleus as a nucleus containing two sets of chromosomes, e.g. in body cells

17.2.17 State that in a diploid cell, there is a pair of each type of chromosome and in a human diploid cell there are 23 pairs

17.2.2 Define gene as a length of DNA that codes for a protein

17.2.3 Define allele as a version of a gene

17.2.4 Describe the inheritance of sex in humans with reference to XX and XY chromosomes

17.2.5  Describe the inheritance of sex in humans with reference to XX and XY chromosomes

17.2.6  Describe the inheritance of sex in humans with reference to XX and XY chromosomes

17.2.7  Describe the inheritance of sex in humans with reference to XX and XY chromosomes

17.2.8  Describe the inheritance of sex in humans with reference to XX and XY chromosomes

17.2.9  Describe the inheritance of sex in humans with reference to XX and XY chromosomes