Fig. 1.2 is a simplified diagram of the circulatory system in humans. Fig. 1.2 (i) State the names of the organs represented by the letters $$$\mathbf{A}, \mathbf{B}$$$ and $$$\mathbf{C}$$$ in Fig. 1.2. A .................................................................................................................................... B .................................................................................................................................... C .................................................................................................................................... (ii) Draw two arrows on Fig. 1.2 to show the direction of blood flow in the pulmonary vein and the pulmonary artery.

Biology

IGCSE&ALevel

CAIE

Exam No：0610_w24_qp_32 Year：2024 Question No：1(d)

Answer:

Knowledge points:

9.2.1 Name and identify the structures of the mammalian heart, limited to the muscular wall, the septum, the left and right ventricles and atria, one-way valves and coronary arteries

9.2.10 Explain the effect of physical activity on the heart rate

9.2.11 Discuss the roles of diet and exercise in the prevention of coronary heart disease

9.2.12 Describe ways in which coronary heart disease may be treated, limited to drug treatment with aspirin and surgery (stents, angioplasty and bypass)

9.2.2 State that blood is pumped away from the heart into arteries and returns to the heart in veins

9.2.3 State that the activity of the heart may be monitored by ECG, pulse rate and listening to sounds of valves closing

9.2.4 Investigate and state the effect of physical activity on the pulse rate

9.2.5 Describe coronary heart disease in terms of the blockage of coronary arteries and state the possible risk factors as diet, stress, smoking, genetic predisposition, age and gender

9.2.6 Name and identify the atrioventricular and semilunar valves in the mammalian heart

9.2.7 Explain the relative thickness: – of the muscle wall of the left and right ventricles – of the muscle wall of the atria compared to that of the ventricles

9.2.8 Explain the importance of the septum in separating oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

9.2.9 Describe the functioning of the heart in terms of the contraction of muscles of the atria and ventricles and the action of the valves

9.3.1 Describe the structure and functions of arteries, veins and capillaries

9.3.2 Name the main blood vessels to and from the: – heart, limited to vena cava, aorta, pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein – lungs, limited to the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein – kidney, limited to the renal artery and renal vein

9.3.3 Explain how the structures of arteries, veins and capillaries are adapted for their functions

9.3.4 State the function of arterioles, venules and shunt vessels

9.3.5 Outline the lymphatic system in terms of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes

9.3.6 Describe the function of the lymphatic system in the circulation of body fluids and the protection of the body from infection

Answer:

Knowledge points:

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