Many different genes are involved in the production of pigments in mammals. One example is the TYR gene. Fur colour in rabbits involves a number of different genes. Some of these genes interact. Gene 1 has two alleles, $$\(\mathbf{B}\)$$ and $$\(\mathbf{b}\)$$. - The dominant allele, B, results in black fur. - The recessive allele, $$\(\mathbf{b}\)$$, results in brown fur. Gene 2 has two alleles, $$\(F\)$$ and $$\(\mathbf{f}\)$$. - The dominant allele, $$\(\mathbf{F}\)$$, codes for a protein that allows the expression of gene 1. - The recessive allele, $$\(\mathbf{f}\)$$, codes for a protein that does not allow the expression of gene 1 , resulting in white fur. The two genes are on different pairs of autosomes. Complete the genetic diagram for a cross between two black rabbits that are heterozygous for both genes and show the ratio of possible offspring phenotypes. parental phenotypes black $$\(\times\)$$ black parental genotypes BbFf $$\(\times\)$$ BbFf Punnett square ratio of offspring phenotypes: .........................................................................................................................................

Biology
IGCSE&ALevel
CAIE
Exam No:9700_s24_qp_41 Year:2024 Question No:6(b)

Answer:



Knowledge points:

16.2.1 explain the terms gene, locus, allele, dominant, recessive, codominant, linkage, test cross, F1, F2, phenotype, genotype, homozygous and heterozygous
16.2.2 interpret and construct genetic diagrams, including Punnett squares, to explain and predict the results of monohybrid crosses and dihybrid crosses that involve dominance, codominance, multiple alleles and sex linkage
16.2.3 interpret and construct genetic diagrams, including Punnett squares, to explain and predict the results of dihybrid crosses that involve autosomal linkage and epistasis (knowledge of the expected ratios for different types of epistasis is not expected)
16.2.4 interpret and construct genetic diagrams, including Punnett squares, to explain and predict the results of test crosses
16.2.5 use the chi-squared test to test the significance of differences between observed and expected results (the formula for the chi-squared test will be provided, as shown in the Mathematical requirements)
16.2.6.1 TYR gene, tyrosinase and albinism
16.2.6.2 HBB gene, haemoglobin and sickle cell anaemia
16.2.6.3 F8 gene, factor VIII and haemophilia
16.2.6.4 HTT gene, huntingtin and Huntington’s disease
16.2.7 explain the role of gibberellin in stem elongation including the role of the dominant allele, Le, that codes for a functional enzyme in the gibberellin synthesis pathway, and the recessive allele, le, that codes for a non-functional enzyme

Solution:

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