Phytoplankton are microorganisms that photosynthesise. Krill and seals can be harvested to produce omega-3 fatty acids. Many people take omega-3 fatty acids as a dietary supplement as they are thought to have health benefits in humans. (i) List the chemical elements found in all fats. ................................................................................................................................. . (ii) Using the information in Fig. 5.2, explain why it is more energy efficient to use krill as a source of omega-3 fatty acids rather than seals. ....................................................................................................................................... . ....................................................................................................................................... . ....................................................................................................................................... . ....................................................................................................................................... . ....................................................................................................................................... . ....................................................................................................................................... . ....................................................................................................................................... . ....................................................................................................................................... . .................................................................................................................................

Biology

IGCSE&ALevel

CAIE

Exam No：0610_s24_qp_43 Year：2024 Question No：5(c)

Answer:

Knowledge points:

19.2.1 Define a food chain as showing the transfer of energy from one organism to the next, beginning with a producer

19.2.10 Define decomposer as an organism that gets its energy from dead or waste organic material

19.2.11 Interpret food chains and food webs in terms of identifying producers and consumers

19.2.12 Use food chains and food webs to describe the impacts humans have through over-harvesting of food species and through introducing foreign species to a habitat

19.2.13 Draw, describe and interpret pyramids of numbers

19.2.14 Draw, describe and interpret pyramids of numbers

19.2.15 Describe how energy is transferred between trophic levels

19.2.16 Define trophic level as the position of an organism in a food chain, food web, pyramid of numbers or pyramid of biomass

19.2.17 Explain why the transfer of energy from one trophic level to another is inefficient

19.2.18 Explain why food chains usually have fewer than five trophic levels

19.2.19 Explain why there is a greater efficiency in supplying plants as human food, and that there is a relative inefficiency in feeding crop plants to livestock that will be used as food

19.2.2 State that energy is transferred between organisms in a food chain by ingestion

19.2.20 Identify producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary consumers and quaternary consumers as the trophic levels in food webs, food chains, pyramids of numbers and pyramids of biomass

19.2.21 Draw, describe and interpret pyramids of biomass

19.2.22 Discuss the advantages of using a pyramid of biomass rather than a pyramid of numbers to represent a food chain

19.2.3 Construct simple food chains

19.2.4 Define a food web as a network of interconnected food chains

19.2.5 Define producer as an organism that makes its own organic nutrients, usually using energy from sunlight, through photosynthesis

19.2.6 Define consumer as an organism that gets its energy by feeding on other organisms

19.2.7 State that consumers may be classed as primary, secondary and tertiary according to their position in a food chain

19.2.8 Define herbivore as an animal that gets its energy by eating plants

19.2.9 Define carnivore as an animal that gets its energy by eating other animals

Answer:

Knowledge points:

Solution:

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