State the name given to the junction between neurones.

14.1.1 Describe a nerve impulse as an electrical signal that passes along nerve cells called neurones

14.1.10 State that in a reflex arc the synapses ensure that impulses travel in one direction only

14.1.11 State that many drugs, e.g. heroin, act upon synapses

14.1.2 Describe the human nervous system in terms of: – the central nervous system consisting of brain and spinal cord – the peripheral nervous system – coordination and regulation of body functions

14.1.3 Identify motor (effector), relay (connector) and sensory neurones from diagrams

14.1.4 Describe a simple reflex arc in terms of receptor, sensory neurone, relay neurone, motor neurones and effector

14.1.5 Describe a reflex action as a means of automatically and rapidly integrating and coordinating stimuli with the responses of effectors (muscles and glands)

14.1.6 Define a synapse as a junction between two neurones

14.1.7 Distinguish between voluntary and involuntary actions

14.1.8 Describe the structure of a synapse, including the presence of neurotransmitter containing vesicles, the synaptic cleft and neurotransmitter receptor molecules

14.1.9 Describe how an impulse triggers the release of a neurotransmitter from vesicles into the synaptic gap and how the neurotransmitter diffuses across to bind with receptor molecules, in the membrane of the neurone after the synaptic gap, causing the impulse to continue