A list of gases is shown. Answer the following questions about these gases. Each gas may be used once, more than once or not at all. State one gas which: (i) is the main constituent of natural gas ................................................................................................................................... (ii) is responsible for both photochemical smog and acid rain ................................................................................................................................... (iii) is unsaturated ................................................................................................................................... (iv) has monatomic particles ................................................................................................................................... (v) reduces iron(III) oxide in a blast furnace. ...................................................................................................................................
Exam No：0620_s24_qp_42 Year：2024 Question No：1(a)
Answer:
Knowledge points:
1.1.1. State the distinguishing properties of solids, liquids and gases
1.1.2. Describe the structures of solids, liquids and gases in terms of particle separation, arrangement and motion
1.1.3. Describe changes of state in terms of melting, boiling, evaporating, freezing and condensing
1.1.4. Describe the effects of temperature and pressure on the volume of a gas
1.1.5. Explain changes of state in terms of kinetic particle theory, including the interpretation of heating and cooling curves
1.1.6. Explain, in terms of kinetic particle theory, the effects of temperature and pressure on the volume of a gas
11.5.1. State that the bonding in alkenes includes a double carbon–carbon covalent bond and that alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons
11.5.2. Describe the manufacture of alkenes and hydrogen by the cracking of larger alkane molecules using a high temperature and a catalyst
11.5.3. Describe the reasons for the cracking of larger alkane molecules
11.5.4. Describe the test to distinguish between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons by their reaction with aqueous bromine
11.5.5. State that in an addition reaction only one product is formed
11.5.6.1. bromine or aqueous bromine
11.5.6.2. hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst
11.5.6.3. steam in the presence of an acid catalyst and draw the structural or displayed formulae of the products
2.7.1. Describe metallic bonding as the electrostatic attraction between the positive ions in a giant metallic lattice and a ‘sea’ of delocalised electrons
2.7.2.1. good electrical conductivity
2.7.2.2. malleability and ductility
8.3.1.1. increasing density
8.3.1.2. decreasing reactivity
8.3.2.1. chlorine, a pale yellow-green gas
8.3.2.2. bromine, a red-brown liquid
8.3.2.3. iodine, a grey-black solid
8.3.3. Describe and explain the displacement reactions of halogens with other halide ions
8.3.4. Predict the properties of other elements in Group VII, given information about the elements
9.6.1. Describe the ease in obtaining metals from their ores, related to the position of the metal in the reactivity series
9.6.2.1. the burning of carbon (coke) to provide heat and produce carbon dioxide
9.6.2.2. the reduction of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide
9.6.2.3. the reduction of iron(III) oxide by carbon monoxide
9.6.2.4. the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate / limestone to produce calcium oxide
9.6.2.5. the formation of slag Symbol equations are not required
9.6.3. State that the main ore of aluminium is bauxite and that aluminium is extracted by electrolysis
9.6.4.1.
9.6.4.2.
9.6.4.3.
9.6.4.4.
9.6.4.5.
9.6.5.1. the role of cryolite
9.6.5.2. why the carbon anodes need to be regularly replaced
9.6.5.3. the reactions at the electrodes, including ionic half-equations
Solution:
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