A sample of $$$\mathrm{A} l$$$ reacts with an excess of $$$\mathrm{Cl} l_{2}$$$. State the oxidation number of $$$A l$$$ in the product of the reaction. oxidation number of $$$\mathrm{A} l$$$ ............................................................................................ (ii) State what determines the maximum oxidation number of the Period 3 elements in their oxides. ....................................................................................................................................... . .................................................................................................................................

Chemistry

IGCSE&ALevel

CAIE

Exam No：9701_s24_qp_23 Year：2024 Question No：1(b)

Answer:

Knowledge points:

1.3.1.1 shells, sub-shells and orbitals

1.3.1.2 principal quantum number (n)

1.3.1.3 ground state, limited to electronic configuration

1.3.2 describe the number of orbitals making up s, p and d sub-shells, and the number of electrons that can fill s, p and d sub-shells

1.3.3 describe the order of increasing energy of the sub-shells within the first three shells and the 4s and 4p sub-shells

1.3.4 describe the electronic configurations to include the number of electrons in each shell, sub-shell and orbital

1.3.5 explain the electronic configurations in terms of energy of the electrons and inter-electron repulsion

1.3.6 determine the electronic configuration of atoms and ions given the atomic or proton number and charge, using either of the following conventions

1.3.7 understand and use the electrons in boxes notation

1.3.8 describe and sketch the shapes of s and p orbitals describe a free radical as a species with one or more unpaired electrons

9.2.1 describe, and write equations for, the reactions of the elements with oxygen

9.2.2 state and explain the variation in the oxidation number of the oxides

9.2.3 describe, and write equations for, the reactions, if any, of the oxides with water including the likely pHs of the solutions obtained

9.2.4 describe, explain and write equations for, the acid / base behaviour of the oxides , MgO, and including, where relevant, amphoteric behaviour in reactions with acids and bases (sodium hydroxide only)

9.2.5 describe, explain, and write equations for, the reactions of the chlorides NaCl, with water including the likely pHs of the solutions obtained

9.2.6 explain the variations and trends in 9.2.2, 9.2.3, 9.2.4 and 9.2.5 in terms of bonding and electronegativity

9.2.7 suggest the types of chemical bonding present in the chlorides and oxides from observations of their chemical and physical properties

Answer:

Knowledge points:

Solution:

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