Bismuth is an element in Group 15 of the Periodic Table. $$$\mathrm{NaBiO}_{3}$$$ is an oxidising agent with similar properties to $$$\mathrm{KMnO}_{4}$$$. Fig. 1.1 shows an example of the use of $$$\mathrm{NaBiO}_{3}$$$ as an oxidising agent. (i) Explain the term oxidising agent. ....................................................................................................................................... . ................................................................................................................................. (ii) Compound $$$\mathbf{X}$$$ forms when methylbut-2-ene reacts with $$$\mathrm{KMnO}_{4}$$$. State the essential conditions for this reaction. ................................................................................................................................. (iii) Complete Table 1.1 to show what is observed when compounds $$$\mathbf{Y}$$$ and $$$\mathbf{Z}$$$ react separately with the named reagents. (iv) Construct an equation for the reaction of $$$\mathbf{Z}$$$ with $$$\mathrm{NaBH}_{4}$$$. Use $$$[\mathrm{H}]$$$ to represent an atom of hydrogen from the reducing agent. .................................................................................................................................

Chemistry

IGCSE&ALevel

CAIE

Exam No：9701_m24_qp_22 Year：2024 Question No：1(d)

Answer:

Knowledge points:

13.2.1.1 homologous series

13.2.1.2 saturated and unsaturated

13.2.1.3 homolytic and heterolytic fission

13.2.1.4 free radical, initiation, propagation, termination (the use of arrows to show movement of single electrons is not required)

13.2.1.5 nucleophile, electrophile, nucleophilic, electrophilic

13.2.1.6 addition, substitution, elimination, hydrolysis, condensation

13.2.1.7 oxidation and reduction (in equations for organic redox reactions, the symbol [O] can be used to represent one atom of oxygen from an oxidising agent and the symbol [H] one atom of hydrogen from a reducing agent)

13.2.2.1 free-radical substitution

13.2.2.2 electrophilic addition

13.2.2.3 nucleophilic substitution

13.2.2.4 nucleophilic addition (in organic reaction mechanisms, the use of curly arrows to represent movement of electron pairs is expected; the arrow should begin at a bond or a lone pair of electrons)

6.1.1 calculate oxidation numbers of elements in compounds and ions

6.1.2 use changes in oxidation numbers to help balance chemical equations

6.1.3 explain and use the terms redox, oxidation, reduction and disproportionation in terms of electron transfer and changes in oxidation number

6.1.4 explain and use the terms oxidising agent and reducing agent

6.1.5 use a Roman numeral to indicate the magnitude of the oxidation number of an element

Answer:

Knowledge points:

Solution:

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