In this experiment you will determine the enthalpy change, $$\(\Delta H_{r}\)$$, for the reaction shown. $$\[ \mathrm{NaOH}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq}) \quad \text { enthalpy change }=\Delta H_{\mathrm{r}} \]$$ You will react each of sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogencarbonate with excess dilute sulfuric acid. You will determine the enthalpy change for each reaction, then use Hess's law to calculate $$\(\Delta H_{r}\)$$. Calculations (i) Calculate the energy change, in J , in your experiment. energy change $$\(=\)$$ .......................... $$\(J\)$$ (ii) Calculate the amount, in mol, of sulfuric acid that reacted with FA 1 in your experiment. $$\[ \text { amount of } \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}= \]$$ .......................... mol (iii) Calculate the enthalpy change of reaction, $$\(\Delta H_{1}\)$$, in $$\(\mathrm{kJ} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}\)$$ of sulfuric acid, for the neutralisation of $$\(\mathrm{NaOH}(\mathrm{aq})\)$$ with $$\(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(\mathrm{aq})\)$$. Show your working. $$\[ \Delta H_{1}=\underset{\text { sign }}{\ldots \ldots \ldots .} \underset{\text { value }}{\ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots . . . . . . \mathrm{kJ} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}} \text { of } \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \]$$
Exam No:9701_s24_qp_31 Year:2024 Question No:(b)
Answer:
Knowledge points:
5.1.1 understand that chemical reactions are accompanied by enthalpy changes and these changes can be exothermic (ΔH is negative) or endothermic (ΔH is positive)
5.1.2 construct and interpret a reaction pathway diagram, in terms of the enthalpy change of the reaction and of the activation energy
5.1.3.1 standard conditions (this syllabus assumes that these are 298 K and 101 kPa) shown by
5.1.3.2 enthalpy change with particular reference to: reaction, , combustion, , neutralisation,
5.1.4 understand that energy transfers occur during chemical reactions because of the breaking and making of chemical bonds
5.1.5 use bond energies (ΔH positive, i.e. bond breaking) to calculate enthalpy change of reaction
5.1.6 understand that some bond energies are exact and some bond energies are averages
5.1.7 calculate enthalpy changes from appropriate experimental results, including the use of the relationships q = mcΔT and ΔH = –mcΔT/n
Solution:
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