Methanol, $$\(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{OH}\)$$, is soluble in water because it forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Methanol has a melting point of $$\(-97.6^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\)$$ and a boiling point of $$\(64.7^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\)$$. A sample of pure liquid methanol is added to a flask and then sealed. The sealed flask is left for several days at constant temperature. The vapour pressure is then measured as $$\(17 \mathrm{kPa}\)$$. Suggest and explain why the vapour pressure of water at room temperature is lower than the vapour pressure of methanol at room temperature. Refer to the correct intermolecular forces in your answer. ......................................................................................................................................... . ......................................................................................................................................... . ...................................................................................................................................
Exam No:9701_s21_qp_23 Year:2021 Question No:2(b)(iii)
Answer:
M1 (liquid) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) molecules are held by stronger hydrogen bonding
OR it takes more energy to break the hydrogen bonds between water molecules (in the liquid state)
OR each water molecule forms two hydrogen bonds (whereas methanol can (only) form one per molecule
M2 fewer \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) liquid molecules (able to) escape / become gaseous ora
OR it takes more energy to break the hydrogen bonds between water molecules (in the liquid state)
OR each water molecule forms two hydrogen bonds (whereas methanol can (only) form one per molecule
M2 fewer \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) liquid molecules (able to) escape / become gaseous ora
Knowledge points:
3.6.1.2.1 its relatively high melting and boiling points
Solution:
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