Phenol, $$$\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}$$$, is a weak acid. Water, phenol and ethanol can all behave as acids. Place these three compounds in order of acidity, starting with the most acidic. Explain your answer. ................................................................................................................................................ . ................................................................................................................................................ . ................................................................................................................................................ . ................................................................................................................................................ . ................................................................................................................................................ . ................................................................................................................................................ .

Chemistry

IGCSE&ALevel

CAIE

Exam No：9701_w20_qp_43 Year：2020 Question No：7(e)

Answer:

phenol>water>ethanol [1]
- (phenol:) lone pair on oxygen is delocalised into the benzene ring
- (ethanol:) positive inductive effect / electron donating effect of alkyl/ ethyl group
- correct statement about stabilisation of anion/ conjugate base OR weakening of $\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}$ bonds once in the context of phenol / ethanol
- correct statement about ease of proton $/ \mathrm{H}^{+}$donation in the context of phenol/ethanol [2]
Two correct statements $=1$ mark

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