Samples of $$\(\left[\mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{6}\right]^{2+}(\mathrm{aq})\)$$ are reacted separately with an excess of solution $$\(\mathbf{A}\)$$ and with an excess of solution $$\(\mathbf{B}\)$$. The reaction of $$\(\left[\mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{6}\right]^{2+}(\mathrm{aq})\)$$ with solution $$\(\mathbf{A}\)$$ is a precipitation reaction. The reaction of $$\(\left[\mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{6}\right]^{2+}(\mathrm{aq})\)$$ with solution $$\(\mathbf{B}\)$$ is a ligand substitution reaction. Suggest a possible identity for solution A and for solution B. Give relevant observations and the formula of the copper-containing product for each reaction. solution $$\(\mathbf{A}\)$$ .............................................................................................................................. .. observations ......................................................................................................................... formula of the copper-containing product ............................................................................. solution B .............................................................................................................................. .. observations ......................................................................................................................... formula of the copper-containing product .............................................................................

Chemistry
IGCSE&ALevel
CAIE
Exam No:9701_s24_qp_42 Year:2024 Question No:4(b)

Answer:



Knowledge points:

28.3.1 define and use the terms degenerate and non-degenerate d orbitals
28.3.2.1 octahedral complexes, two higher and three lower d orbitals
28.3.2.2 tetrahedral complexes, three higher and two lower d orbitals
28.3.3 explain why transition elements form coloured compounds in terms of the frequency of light absorbed as an electron is promoted between two non-degenerate d orbitals
28.3.4 describe, in qualitative terms, the effects of different ligands on Δ E, frequency of light absorbed, and hence the complementary colour that is observed
28.3.5 use the complexes of copper(II) ions and cobalt(II) ions with water and ammonia molecules and hydroxide and chloride ions as examples of ligand exchange affecting the colour observed

Solution:

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