The conversion of propene to propan-2-ol can be carried out in two stages represented by the equations shown. reaction $$$1 \quad \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{CH}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{HI}(\mathrm{g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CHICH}_{3}(\mathrm{l})$$$ reaction $$$2\quad \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CHICH}_{3}(\mathrm{l})+\mathrm{KOH}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{OH}) \mathrm{CH}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{K}^{+}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{I}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})$$$ How can these two reactions be described?

Chemistry

IGCSE&ALevel

CAIE

Exam No：9701_w18_qp_11 Year：2018 Question No：23

Answer:

Knowledge points:

14.2.1.1 elimination of HX from a halogenoalkane by ethanolic NaOH and heat

14.2.1.2 dehydration of an alcohol, by using a heated catalyst

14.2.1.3 cracking of a longer chain alkane

14.2.2.1.1 hydrogen in a hydrogenation reaction, and Pt/Ni catalyst and heat

14.2.2.1.2 steam, catalyst

14.2.2.1.3 a hydrogen halide, HX(g) at room temperature

14.2.2.1.4 a halogen,

14.2.2.2 the oxidation by cold dilute acidified to form the diol

14.2.2.3 the oxidation by hot concentrated acidified leading to the rupture of the carbon–carbon double bond and the identities of the subsequent products to determine the position of alkene linkages in larger molecules

14.2.2.4 addition polymerisation exemplified by the reactions of ethene and propene

14.2.3 describe the use of aqueous bromine to show the presence of a C=C bond

14.2.4 describe the mechanism of electrophilic addition in alkenes, using bromine / ethene and hydrogen bromide / propene as examples

14.2.5 describe and explain the inductive effects of alkyl groups on the stability of primary, secondary and tertiary cations formed during electrophilic addition (this should be used to explain Markovnikov addition)

Answer:

Knowledge points:

Solution:

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