Two Period 3 elements react with an excess of oxygen at room pressure. (i) Complete Table 1.2. (ii) The solutions made in column 3 of Table 1.2 are mixed together. Name the type of reaction that occurs. ................................................................................................................................. (iii) Write an equation to describe the reaction between $$$\mathrm{P}_{4} \mathrm{O}_{10}$$$ and an excess of water. .................................................................................................................................

Chemistry

IGCSE&ALevel

CAIE

Exam No：9701_s24_qp_22 Year：2024 Question No：1(e)

Answer:

Knowledge points:

5.1.1 understand that chemical reactions are accompanied by enthalpy changes and these changes can be exothermic (ΔH is negative) or endothermic (ΔH is positive)

5.1.2 construct and interpret a reaction pathway diagram, in terms of the enthalpy change of the reaction and of the activation energy

5.1.3.1 standard conditions (this syllabus assumes that these are 298 K and 101 kPa) shown by

5.1.3.2 enthalpy change with particular reference to: reaction, , combustion, , neutralisation,

5.1.4 understand that energy transfers occur during chemical reactions because of the breaking and making of chemical bonds

5.1.5 use bond energies (ΔH positive, i.e. bond breaking) to calculate enthalpy change of reaction

5.1.6 understand that some bond energies are exact and some bond energies are averages

5.1.7 calculate enthalpy changes from appropriate experimental results, including the use of the relationships q = mcΔT and ΔH = –mcΔT/n

7.2.1 state the names and formulae of the common acids, limited to hydrochloric acid, HC/, sulfuric acid, ethanoic acid,

7.2.10 select suitable indicators for acid-alkali titrations, given appropriate data

7.2.2 state the names and formulae of the common alkalis, limited to sodium hydroxide, NaOH, potassium hydroxide, KOH, ammonia,

7.2.3 describe the Brønsted–Lowry theory of acids and bases

7.2.4 describe strong acids and strong bases as fully dissociated in aqueous solution and weak acids and weak bases as partially dissociated in aqueous solution

7.2.5 appreciate that water has pH of 7, acid solutions pH of below 7 and alkaline solutions pH of above 7

7.2.6 explain qualitatively the differences in behaviour between strong and weak acids including the reaction with a reactive metal and difference in pH values by use of a pH meter, universal indicator or conductivity

7.2.7 understand that neutralisation reactions occur when

7.2.8 understand that salts are formed in neutralisation reactions

7.2.9 sketch the pH titration curves of titrations using combinations of strong and weak acids with strong and weak alkalis

9.1.1 describe qualitatively (and indicate the periodicity in) the variations in atomic radius, ionic radius, melting point and electrical conductivity of the elements

9.1.2 explain the variation in melting point and electrical conductivity in terms of the structure and bonding of the elements

Answer:

Knowledge points:

Solution:

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