You will determine the percentage purity of another sample of calcium carbonate, $$\(\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}\)$$, by titration. The experiment involves three steps. step 1 A known mass of the same impure calcium carbonate, FA 1, is reacted with an excess of hydrochloric acid to form FA 3. This step has been done for you. step 2 You will dilute the products of step 1 to a known volume. step 3 You will carry out a titration to find out how much acid remains after the reaction in step 1. FA 3 has been prepared by reacting 19.0 g of FA 1 with $$\(250 \mathrm{~cm}^{3}\)$$ of $$\(2.00 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{dm}^{-3}\)$$ hydrochloric acid, HCl . FA 5 is $$\(0.0900 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{dm}^{-3}\)$$ sodium hydroxide, NaOH . FA 6 is bromophenol blue indicator. The percentage purity of calcium carbonate in FA 1 has been determined by two different methods, gas collection and titration. The gas collection method used in Question 1 is less accurate. (i) Suggest two reasons why the gas collection method is less accurate. 1 . 2 . (ii) Describe a change to the gas collection method that would improve the accuracy of the percentage purity determined in Question 1. . . You should record clearly at what stage in a test an observation is made. Where no change is observed,you should write'no change'. Where reagents are selected for use in a test,the name or correct formula of the element or compound must be given. If any solution is warmed,a boiling tube must be used.If a solid is heated,a hard-glass test-tube must be used. Rinse and reuse test-tubes and boiling tubes where possible. No additional tests should be attempted.

Chemistry
IGCSE&ALevel
CAIE
Exam No:9701_s25_qp_31 Year:2025 Question No:2(d)

Answer:



Knowledge points:

2.4.1.1 reacting masses (from formulae and equations) including percentage yield calculations
2.4.1.2 volumes of gases (e.g. in the burning of hydrocarbons)
2.4.1.3 volumes and concentrations of solutions
2.4.1.4 limiting reagent and excess reagent (When performing calculations, candidates’ answers should reflect the number of significant figures given or asked for in the question. When rounding up or down, candidates should ensure that significant figures are neither lost unnecessarily nor used beyond what is justified (see also Mathematical requirements section).) deduce stoichiometric relationships from calculations such as those in 2.4.1 (1)–(4)
4.1.1 explain the origin of pressure in a gas in terms of collisions between gas molecules and the wall of the container
4.1.2 understand that ideal gases have zero particle volume and no intermolecular forces of attraction
4.1.3 state and use the ideal gas equation pV = nRT in calculations, including in the determination of

Solution:

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