Annual growth in real GDP in Malaysia averaged $$\(5.2 \%\)$$ during the past ten years. There was a great deal of instability in GDP between July 2020 and July 2021, largely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Economic growth was projected to grow by between $$\(5.5 \%\)$$ and $$\(6.5 \%\)$$ in 2022. The percentage change in real GDP per annum in Malaysia between January 2019 and January 2022 is shown in Fig. 1.1. Content removed due to copyright restrictions. Assess how far external factors were responsible for economic growth in Malaysia over the period January 2019 to January 2022.

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