Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells that are found in most animal tissues. Adult stem cells can divide by mitosis throughout their lifespan to form identical stem cells (self-renewal) or to form cells that can differentiate into the functioning cells of that tissue. The differentiation of T-lymphocytes begins in the bone marrow and continues in an organ known as the thymus to produce fully differentiated T-helper and T-killer cells. In the thymus, T-lymphocytes that bind to self antigens are destroyed. Explain why T-lymphocytes that bind to self antigens need to be destroyed in the thymus. ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . .........................................................................................................................................
Exam No:9700_w24_qp_22 Year:2024 Question No:4(g)
Answer:

Knowledge points:
11.1.1 describe the mode of action of phagocytes (macrophages and neutrophils)
11.1.2 explain what is meant by an antigen (see 4.1.3) and state the difference between self antigens and non-self antigens
11.1.3.1 macrophages
11.1.3.2 B-lymphocytes, including plasma cells
11.1.3.3 T-lymphocytes, limited to T-helper cells and T-killer cells
11.1.4 explain the role of memory cells in the secondary immune response and in long-term immunity
Solution:
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