Complete the sentences about movement into and out of cells. Diffusion is the net movement of particles down a concentration gradient. The energy for diffusion comes from the energy of random movement of molecules and ions. Factors that influence diffusion include concentration gradient, , and Osmosis is the movement of water by diffusion through a permeable membrane. The movement of particles through a cell membrane against a concentration gradient using energy from is called

Biology

IGCSE&ALevel

CAIE

Exam No：0610_w23_qp_31 Year：2023 Question No：1(a)

Answer:

Knowledge points:

3.1.1 Define diffusion as the net movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration down a concentration gradient, as a result of their random movement

3.1.2 Describe the importance of diffusion of gases and solutes

3.1.3 State that substances move into and out of cells by diffusion through the cell membrane

3.1.4 State that the energy for diffusion comes from the kinetic energy of random movement of molecules and ions

3.1.5 Investigate the factors that influence diffusion, limited to surface area, temperature, concentration gradients and distance

3.2.1 State that water diffuses through partially permeable membranes by osmosis

3.2.10 Explain the importance of water potential and osmosis on animal cells and tissues

3.2.11 Explain how plants are supported by the turgor pressure within cells, in terms of water pressure acting against an inelastic cell wall

3.2.2 State that water moves in and out of cells by osmosis through the cell membrane

3.2.3 Investigate and describe the effects on plant tissues of immersing them in solutions of different concentrations

3.2.4 State that plants are supported by the pressure of water inside the cells pressing outwards on the cell wall

3.2.5 State that plants are supported by the pressure of water inside the cells pressing outwards on the cell wall

3.2.6 State that plants are supported by the pressure of water inside the cells pressing outwards on the cell wall

3.2.7 Define osmosis as the net movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential (dilute solution) to a region of lower water potential (concentrated solution), through a partially permeable membrane

3.2.8 Explain the effects on plant tissues of immersing them in solutions of different concentrations by using the terms turgid, turgor pressure, plasmolysis and flaccid

3.2.9 Explain the importance of water potential and osmosis in the uptake of water by plants

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