Several different processes can affect allele frequencies in populations. Outline the processes that may affect allele frequencies in wildlife populations. ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . ............................................................................................................................................... . .........................................................................................................................................

Biology

IGCSE&ALevel

CAIE

Exam No：9700_w24_qp_42 Year：2024 Question No：2(a)

Answer:

Knowledge points:

17.2.1 explain that natural selection occurs because populations have the capacity to produce many offspring that compete for resources; in the ‘struggle for existence’, individuals that are best adapted are most likely to survive to reproduce and pass on their alleles to the next generation

17.2.2 explain how environmental factors can act as stabilising, disruptive and directional forces of natural selection

17.2.3 explain how selection, the founder effect and genetic drift, including the bottleneck effect, may affect allele frequencies in populations

17.2.4 outline how bacteria become resistant to antibiotics as an example of natural selection

17.2.5 use the Hardy–Weinberg principle to calculate allele and genotype frequencies in populations and state the conditions when this principle can be applied (the two equations for the Hardy–Weinberg principle will be provided, as shown in the Mathematical requirements)

17.2.6 describe the principles of selective breeding (artificial selection)

17.2.7.1 the introduction of disease resistance to varieties of wheat and rice

17.2.7.2 inbreeding and hybridisation to produce vigorous, uniform varieties of maize

17.2.7.3 improving the milk yield of dairy cattle

17.3.1 outline the theory of evolution as a process leading to the formation of new species from pre-existing species over time, as a result of changes to gene pools from generation to generation

17.3.2 discuss how DNA sequence data can show evolutionary relationships between species

Answer:

Knowledge points:

Solution:

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