A sample of propanoic acid of mass 3.70 g reacts with an excess of magnesium. A second sample of propanoic acid of mass 3.70 g reacts with an excess of sodium. Both reactions go to completion forming a gas. Which row is correct?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Exam No：9701_w24_qp_12 Year：2024 Question No：37
Answer:
A
Knowledge points:
16.1.1.1 electrophilic addition of steam to an alkene, catalyst
16.1.1.2 reaction of alkenes with cold dilute acidified potassium manganate(VII) to form a diol
16.1.1.3 substitution of a halogenoalkane using NaOH(aq) and heat
16.1.1.4 reduction of an aldehyde or ketone using
16.1.1.5 reduction of a carboxylic acid using
16.1.1.6 hydrolysis of an ester using dilute acid or dilute alkali and heat
16.1.2.1 the reaction with oxygen (combustion)
16.1.2.2 substitution to halogenoalkanes
16.1.2.3 the reaction with Na(s)
16.1.2.4 oxidation with acidified or acidified to:
16.1.2.5 carbonyl compounds by distillation
16.1.2.6 carboxylic acids by refluxing (primary alcohols give aldehydes which can be further oxidised to carboxylic acids, secondary alcohols give ketones, tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidised)
16.1.2.7 dehydration to an alkene, by using a heated catalyst, e.g. or a concentrated acid
16.1.2.8 formation of esters by reaction with carboxylic acids and concentrated or as catalyst as exemplified by ethanol
16.1.3.1 classify alcohols as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, to include examples with more than one alcohol group
16.1.3.2 state characteristic distinguishing reactions, e.g. mild oxidation with acidified K2Cr2O7, colour change from orange to green
16.1.4 deduce the presence of a group in an alcohol, , from its reaction with alkaline (aq) to form a yellow precipitate of tri-iodomethane and an ion,
16.1.5 explain the acidity of alcohols compared with water
18.1.1.1 oxidation of primary alcohols and aldehydes with acidifiedor acidified and refluxing
18.1.1.2 hydrolysis of nitriles with dilute acid or dilute alkali followed by acidification
18.1.1.3 hydrolysis of esters with dilute acid or dilute alkali and heat followed by acidification
18.1.2.1 the redox reaction with reactive metals to produce a salt and
18.1.2.2 the neutralisation reaction with alkalis to produce a salt and
18.1.2.3 the acid–base reaction with carbonates to produce a salt
18.1.2.4 esterification with alcohols with concentrated as catalyst
18.1.2.5 reduction by form a primary alcohol
Solution:
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