Three statements about ammonia molecules and ammonium ions are given. Which statements are correct?

A.
1 and 2 only
B.
1 and 3 only
C.
2 and 3 only
D.
1, 2 and 3
Chemistry
IGCSE&ALevel
CAIE
Exam No:9701_w24_qp_11 Year:2024 Question No:24

Answer:

C

Knowledge points:

13.2.1.1 homologous series
13.2.1.2 saturated and unsaturated
13.2.1.3 homolytic and heterolytic fission
13.2.1.4 free radical, initiation, propagation, termination (the use of arrows to show movement of single electrons is not required)
13.2.1.5 nucleophile, electrophile, nucleophilic, electrophilic
13.2.1.6 addition, substitution, elimination, hydrolysis, condensation
13.2.1.7 oxidation and reduction (in equations for organic redox reactions, the symbol [O] can be used to represent one atom of oxygen from an oxidising agent and the symbol [H] one atom of hydrogen from a reducing agent)
13.2.2.1 free-radical substitution
13.2.2.2 electrophilic addition
13.2.2.3 nucleophilic substitution
13.2.2.4 nucleophilic addition (in organic reaction mechanisms, the use of curly arrows to represent movement of electron pairs is expected; the arrow should begin at a bond or a lone pair of electrons)
7.2.1 state the names and formulae of the common acids, limited to hydrochloric acid, HC/, sulfuric acid, ethanoic acid,
7.2.10 select suitable indicators for acid-alkali titrations, given appropriate data
7.2.2 state the names and formulae of the common alkalis, limited to sodium hydroxide, NaOH, potassium hydroxide, KOH, ammonia,
7.2.3 describe the Brønsted–Lowry theory of acids and bases
7.2.4 describe strong acids and strong bases as fully dissociated in aqueous solution and weak acids and weak bases as partially dissociated in aqueous solution
7.2.5 appreciate that water has pH of 7, acid solutions pH of below 7 and alkaline solutions pH of above 7
7.2.6 explain qualitatively the differences in behaviour between strong and weak acids including the reaction with a reactive metal and difference in pH values by use of a pH meter, universal indicator or conductivity
7.2.7 understand that neutralisation reactions occur when
7.2.8 understand that salts are formed in neutralisation reactions
7.2.9 sketch the pH titration curves of titrations using combinations of strong and weak acids with strong and weak alkalis

Solution:

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