Nitrogen and phosphorus are elements in Group 15 of the Periodic Table. Nitrogen is found in inorganic compounds such as nitrogen oxides $$$\left(\mathrm{NO}_{x}\right)$$$, nitrates and nitric acid. (i) Identify one natural and one man-made occurrence of nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere. natural ........................................................................................................................... man-made ..................................................................................................................... (ii) Write an equation to describe the role of $$$\mathrm{NO}_{2}$$$ in the direct formation of acid rain. ................................................................................................................................. (iii) Peroxyacetyl nitrate, PAN, is a component of photochemical smog. Describe how PAN forms from $$$\mathrm{NO}_{2}$$$. ....................................................................................................................................... . ................................................................................................................................. (iv) Nitric acid reacts with basic oxides to form nitrates. Write an equation for the reaction of nitric acid with calcium oxide. ................................................................................................................................. (v) Describe what is seen when solid calcium nitrate is heated strongly. ................................................................................................................................. .

Chemistry

IGCSE&ALevel

CAIE

Exam No：9701_w24_qp_22 Year：2024 Question No：3(a)

Answer:

Knowledge points:

12.1.1 explain the lack of reactivity of nitrogen, with reference to triple bond strength and lack of polarity

12.1.2.1 the basicity of ammonia, using the Brønsted–Lowry theory

12.1.2.2 the structure of the ammonium ion and its formation by an acid–base reaction

12.1.2.3 the displacement of ammonia from ammonium salts by an acid–base reaction

12.1.3 state and explain the natural and man-made occurrences of oxides of nitrogen and their catalytic removal from the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines

12.1.4 understand that atmospheric oxides of nitrogen (NO) can react with unburned hydrocarbons to form peroxyacetyl nitrate, PAN, which is a component of photochemical smog

12.1.5 describe the role of NO in the formation of acid rain both directly and in their catalytic role in the oxidation of atmospheric sulfur dioxide

Answer:

Knowledge points:

Solution:

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